RU | EN
Submenu

Al Rousan M. A., Al Azzam T. M., Rababah L. M., Bani-Khair B., Al-Hawamdeh B. M., Abu Zetun N. A., Alatoom N. A., Rababah M. A. Religious Minorities in Iran: The Jews as a Model

M. A. Al Rousan
Associate Professor Al-Balqa Applied University
As-Salt, Jordan
ORCID: 0000-0002-6210-3553
E-mail: dr.mrousan@bau.edu.jo  

 

T. M. Al Azzam
Associate Professor Al-Balqa Applied University
As-Salt, Jordan
ORCID: 0000-0002-8591-7437
E-mail: ta.1973@bau.edu.jo  

 

L. M. Rababah
Associate Professor Jadara University
Irbid, Jordan
ORCID: 0000-0002-3871-3853
E-mail: rababah80@gmail.com

 

B. Bani-Khair
Associate Professor The Hashemite University
Zarqa, Jordan
ORCID: 0000-0002-0738-7696
E-mail: bakribakr@yahoo.com

 

B. M. Al-Hawamdeh
Associate Professor University of Jerash
Jerash, Jordan
ORCID: 0000-0003-1523-0661
E-mail: b.hawamdeh@jpu.edu.jo

 

N. A. Abu Zetun
Associate Professor Hussein University
Amman, Jordan
ORCID: 0009-0001-2621-8687
E-mail: Nasser.A.zaytoon@ahu.edu.jo  

 

N. A. Alatoom
Associate Professor, Al-Balqa Applied University
As-Salt, Jordan
ORCID: 0000-0002-3871-3853
E-mail: nabeel7171@bau.edu.jo  

 

M. A. Rababah
Associate Professor, Jadara Research Center
Irbid, Jordan
ORCID: 0000-0002-0930-4030
E-mail: mrababah@bau.edu.jo

 

 Download  |  Go to Issue #1. 2025

 

ABSTRACT. After achieving victory, the Iranian Islamic Revolution made a commitment to protecting the rights of religious minorities, including the Jewish and Christian communities. These minorities are granted equal cultural, social, and political freedoms as other Iranian citizens, as stated in the constitution of the Iranian Islamic Revolution. However, there is limited research that specifically examines these religious minorities within the context of the Iranian Islamic Revolution. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap by investigating the historical role of the Jewish minority in Iran during the modern era under the Iranian Islamic Revolution. It seeks to understand the relationship between the Jewish minority and the Iranian Islamic Revolution, as well as their participation, development, and engagement with Iranian state institutions. Using a historical and descriptive-analytical approach, this study provides context by gathering and analyzing existing literature and establishing the constitutional position of these minorities within historical frameworks. Additionally, it explores the stance of the Iranian constitution toward these religious minorities. The study’s findings indicate that despite external influences that have affected this relationship, the Jewish minority generally coexists harmoniously with Iranian society. By shedding light on the role of religious minorities during the era of the Iranian Revolution and examining how the revolution addressed their concerns, this study offers insights into how the Iranian Islamic Revolution expressed its perspectives on these minorities through legal and constitutional frameworks.

 

KEYWORDS: Iranian Islamic Revolution, religious minorities, Jewish minority, religious freedom and security, social and political freedoms

 

DOI 10.31250/2618-8600-2025-1(27)-56-73
UDC 316.723:296(55)

 

REFERENCES

  • Abbas Y. D. Aghaliat-ha-ye Mazhabi va Jomhuri-ye Eslami-ye Iran [Religious Minorities and the Islamic Republic of Iran]. Tehran: Nashr Howzeh Publ., 1984. (In Persian).
  • Abu Melhim M., Rababah M. A., Al-Shurman Y. M., Rabab’a Y. A., Zainelabdin F. A., Al Dalaeen I., Abu Zetun N. A., Alqiam H. A., Al-khatib L. I. Teachers’ perspectives on social values and their influence on sustainable development in Ajloun Governorate. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 2023, vol. 23, no. 14, pp. 98–116. DOI: 10.33423/ jhetp.v23i14.6389 (In English).
  • Al Etoum N. M. I., Hatamleh I. H. M., Al-Hmoud Q. M. H., Al-Borini A. F. M. The requirement of a mahram for a woman’s travel under the contemporary developments and fatwas. International Journal of Religion, 2024, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 842–854. DOI: 10.61707/7qrm0e68 (In English).
  • Alhawamdeh A. M., Al-habash M. A., Zraqat O., Hussien L. F., Taha I. B., Alhawamdeh H., Alkhawaldeh B. Y. The effect of religious and ethnic values on executive compensation in Jordanian firms. KEPES, 2023, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 604–622. (In English).
  • Aljedayah K. S., Rababa’h S. Y., Alrababah O. F., Bani-Khair B. M., Rababah M. A. I., Al-Shloul K. A. F., Hani M. G. B. Intangible heritage: An analysis of Jordanian customs signifying societal interdependence and social solidarity. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2024, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 159–177. DOI: 10.10.32350/jitc.142.10 (In English).
  • Dashefsky A., Sheskin I. M., Lawton A., Bokser-Liwerant J., DellaPergola S., Fishman S. B., Thompson J. Forum on the New Pew Survey, Jewish Americans in 2020. American Jewish Year Book 2021: The Annual Record of the North American Jewish Communities Since 1899. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022, pp. 41–78. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99750-2_2 (In English).
  • El Rabbaie I. O., Al Khudary M. O., Al Azzam F. A. The impact of artistic creativity in the development of the concept of public opinion through the ages. British Journal of Science, 2019, vol. 17 (1), pp. 44–53. (In English).
  • Golovnev A. Resonance in Ethnohistory. Etnografia, 2024, no. 4 (26), pp. 88–109. DOI: 10.31250/2618-8600-2024-4(26)-88-109 (In Russian).
  • Hatamleh I. H. M., Safori A. O., Ahmad A. K., Al-Etoum N. M. I. Exploring the interplay of cultural restraint: The relationship between social media motivation and subjective happiness. Social Sciences, 2023, vol. 12, iss. 4, article number 228. DOI: 10.3390/socsci12040228 (In English).
  • Hatamleh I. H. M. Exploring the multifaceted influences of social media motivation on online relationship commitment among young adults in Jordan: An empirical study. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2024, vol. 2024, iss. 1, article ID 2510500. DOI: 10.1155/2024/2510500 (In English).
  • Issa M. S. Factors of stability and sustainable development in Jordan in its first centenary 1921–2021 (an analytical descriptive study). Heliyon, 2023a, vol. 9, iss. 11, article number e20993. Available at: https://www.cell.com/heliyon/fulltext/S2405-8440(23)08201-4 (accessed: 23.10.2023). (In English).
  • Issa M. S. B. The enduring conflict in the Middle East: Irrational causes and viable solutions that might begin with the educational means. International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology, 2023b, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 389–398. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammad-Bani-Issa-2/publication/374349593_The_Enduring_Conflict_in_the_Middle (accessed: 23.10.2023). (In English).
  • Jafari Langroudi M. J. Terminologie Hoghoogh [The Legal Terminology. 2nd ed.]. Tehran: Ganj-e Danesh Publ., 2008. (In Persian).
  • Kisser T., Perevalova E. European Nenets: Transformation of Traditions and Renewal of Ethnicity. Etnografia, 2024, no. 4 (26), pp. 110–139. DOI: 10.31250/2618-8600-2024-4(26)-110-139 (In Russian).
  • Melhim M. H. A., Al-Shurman Y. M., Zainelabdin F. A., Rabab’a Y. A., Bani Saeed R. A. Rababah M. A. ISIS’ miscontextualization of Ḥadīth through the strategic linguistic propaganda: A socio-political analysis. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 2023, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 89–102. DOI: 10.32350/jitc.131.07 (In English).
  • Rushdbeigi Z. Ashuriyan-e Irani [Iranian Assyrians]. Tehran: Institute of Dialogue of Religions Publ., 1989. (In Persian).
  • Shariati R. Hoquq va vazayef-e gheyr-e Mosalmanan dar jame’a-ye Eslami [Rights and Duties of Non-Muslims in Islamic Society]. Qom: Bostan Kitab Publ., 2001. (In Persian).
  • Shariati R. Aqalliyat-haye mazhabi [Religious Minorities]. Tehran: Young Thought Center Publ., 2016. (In Persian).
  • Sternfeld L. B. Reclaiming their past: writing Jewish history in Iran during the Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and early revolutionary periods: Doctoral dissertation. Austin: The University of Texas, 2014. (In English).
  • Taheri K. Tarikh-e Iran, Ghesmat-e Dovom [History of Iran, Part Two]. Isfahan: Nashr Isfahan Publ., 1996. (In Persian).
  • Westreich E. Jewish Judicial Autonomy in Nineteenth Century Jerusalem: Background, Jurisdiction, Structure. “Wisdom and Understanding”: Studies in Honour of Bernard S. Jackson. [Liverpool]: Jewish Law Association, 2012, pp. 303–330. (Jewish Law Association Studies; 22). Available at: https://english.m.tau.ac.il/sites/law-english.tau.ac.il/files/media_server/Law/faculty%20members/Melech%20Westreich/31_%20Jewish%20Judicial%20Autonomy%20 in%20Jerusalem.pdf (In English).
  • Yashibi H. Yahudian-e Iran Emrouz [Today’s Iranian Jews]. Tehran: Anjoman-e Kalimiyan Tehran Publ., 2014. (In Persian).