RU | EN
Submenu

Blažek V. Vessels for drinking in Indo-European lexicon

Václav BLAŽEK — Professor of comparative-historical linguistics at Institute of Linguistics and Baltic Studies of Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University in Brno (Czech Republic, Příbram)
E-mail: blazek@phil.muni.cz

 

 Download  |  Go to Issue #3. 2019

 

ABSTRACT. A purpose of the present study is to map main semantic strategies in designations of vessels usually for drinking in the Indo-European languages. A choice of this specific semantic field was motivated by the fact that vessels represent a cultural phenomenon connected with borrowing, frequently mediated by a trade. Determination of the loan-vectors allow us to map the most probable trajectories of the trade routes even for periods before any historical records. In the study a minilexicon of 20 terms is analyzed. In 15 cases it was possible to determine a semantic motivation: “to drink”, “to make full, contain”, “a pointy formed vessel similar to a horn”, “to carve, cut out”, “hollow”, “glossy / shining”, “to weave”, “to hang”, “to bake”. Very frequent is a semantic connection between “vessel” and “skull” as well as “vessel” and “belly” with its organs. From 20 terms discussed here there are 13 attested in Slavic, but only two of them are inherited formations, while remaining 11 terms were borrowed. It is no surprise that the oldest final sources of borrowing appear in languages of early civilisations of Mediterraneum and Mesopotamia, Egyptian, Ugaritic, Aramaic, Akkadian.

 

KEYWORDS: Indo-European, lexicon, semantic motivation, vesselnames, borrowing

 

УДК 81-112
DOI 10.31250/2618-8600-2019-3(5)-156-166

 

REFERENCES 

  • AED — A learner’s Arabic English Dictionary, by F. Steingass. Delhi: Gaurav, 1988. (in English). Bailey H. Dictionary of Khotan Saka. Cambridge: University Press, 1979. (in English).
  • Beekes R., van Beek L. Etymological Dictionary of Greek. Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2010. (in English).
  • Brockelmann C. Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der semitischen Sprachen, I. Band.
  • Berlin: Reuther & Reichard, 1910. (in German).
  • Buck C. D. A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo‑European Languages.
  • Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press, 1949. (in English).
  • De Vaan M. Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the Other Italic Languages. Leiden-Boston:
  • Brill, 2008. (in English).
  • DUL — Olmo Lete G. del Sanmartín J. A Dictionary of the Ugaritic Language in the Alpha‑
  • betic Tradition. Watson. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2003. (in English).
  • ESIJ — Rastorgueva V. S., Ėdeľman D. I. Ėtimologičeskij slovaŕ iranskix jazykov [Ety- mological Dictionary of Iranian Languages], I–IV, Moscow: Vostočnaja literatura Publ., 2000. (in Russ.)
  • ESJS — Havlová E., Erhart A. (ed.). Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského [Etymo- logical Dictionary of the Old Slavonic Language], 1–15, Praha: Academia Publ., 1989. (in Czech).
  • ESSJ — Trubačev O.N. et al. (ed.). Ėtimologičeskij slovaŕ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages], 1–30. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1974. (in Czech).
  • EWAI — Mayrhofer M. Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen. Heidelberg: Winter, 1986–2001, bd 1–3. (in German).
  • Frisk H. Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Winter, 1973–1979, bd 1–3. (in German).
  • HAL — Koehler L., Baumgertner W. The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament.
  • Leiden-Boston-Köln: Brill, 2001.
  • Huld M. E., Mallory J. P. Pot. Encyclopedia of Indo‑European Cultrure. London; Chicago, 1997, pp. 443–446. (in English).
  • KEWA — Mayrhofer M. Kurzgefasstes etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen, Heidelberg: Winter, 1956–1980, bd 1–4. (in German).
  • Klein E. A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language. New York; London: Macmillan, 1987. (in English).
  • Kluge F., Seebold E. Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. (23.Auflage). Berlin; New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1999. (in German).
  • Blažek V. Vessels for drinking in indo-european lexicon
  • Kroonen G. Etymological Dictionary of Proto‑Germanic. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2013. (in English).
  • LIV — Rix H. et al. (ed.). Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben, 2nd ed., Wiesbaden: Reichert, 2001. (in German).
  • Machek V. Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language]. Praha: Academia, 1968. (in Czech).
  • Mallory J. P., Adams D. The Oxford Introduction to Proto‑Indo‑European and the Proto‑ Indo‑European World. Oxford: University Press, 2006. (in English).
  • Mann S. E. An Indo‑European Comparative Dictionary. Hamburg: Buske, 1984–1987. (in English).
  • Meyer-Lübke W. Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Winter, 1935. (in German).
  • NIL — Wodtko D. S. , Irslinger B., Schneider С. Nomina im Indogermanischen Lexikon.
  • Britta Irslinger & Carolin Schneider. Heidelberg: Winter, 2008. (in German).
  • Pokorny J. Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Bern-München: Francke, 1959. (in German).
  • Pronk-Tiethoff S. The Germanic Loanwords in Proto‑Slavic. Amsterdam; New York: Rodopi, 2013. (in English).
  • Räsänen M. Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen. Helsinki: Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae, 1969, bd 17.1. (in German).
  • Rejzek J. Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary]. Voznice: Leda, 2001. (in Czech).
  • Rosół R. Frühe semitische Lehnwörter im Griechischen. Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 2013. (in German).
  • Schenk R. (ed). Cornelius Tacitus: Germanie [Cornelius Tacitus: German]. Praha: Otto, 1909. (in Czech).
  • Schrader O., Nehring A. Reallexikon der indogermanischen Altertumskunde. Berlin; Leipzig: Walter de Gruyter, 1923–1929, bd 1–2. (in German).
  • Vasmer M. Ėtimologičeskij slovar’ russkogo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language]. Moscow: Progress Publ. 1973, vol. 1–4. (in Chezh).
  • Von Adolf E., Grapow H. Wb. Wörterbuch der aegyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie — Verlag, 1971, bd. 1–4. (in German).
  • Von K. Mühlenbach. Lettisch‑deutsches Wörterbuch, I. Band Riga: Lettische Bildungs- ministerium, 1923–1925. (in German).